Multicultural Counseling Theory

Conceptual This paper tends to the different issues related with multicultural directing hypothesis. The advantages and disadvantages of multicultural directing hypothesis were broke down with respect to factors that influence crafted by multicultural guides. Individuals have stopped being restricted in their areas on account of the shortage of opportunities.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Multicultural Counseling Theory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More People from different foundations are meeting in nations that have societies that far very different from theirs. They experience troubles while attempting to alter themselves to the changes. The difficulties influence them at changed force contingent upon their age, sex and religion. The multicultural advocates must be prepared to handle such troubles so as to help their customers defeat these hindrances. He/she should go about as the good example of his/her customers. Both the ins tructor and the customer must embrace their duty suitably. The advisor must adhere to the morals of being a guide. There are some character attributes that ought to be depicted by a certified guide. The customers anticipate that the instructor should be receptive as opposed to being saved. Other than that the guide should give close consideration to the advancement of their customer and on the off chance that they understand that the issue has stayed relentless they ought to think about different other options. These are a portion of the issues that have been dissected in this paper. Presentation Counseling involves offering individuals guidance concerning their issues and the experts who offer this exhortation are called advisors. At the point when one is confronted with challenges and he/she doesn't have the foggiest idea how to deal with it or what steps to take, they are relied upon to counsel an instructor. A counselor’s work is requesting in light of the fact that he/sh e should change the contemplations of the customer. This activity can additionally be convoluted when the advisor manages customers from varying backgrounds. Instructors are relied upon to manage individuals from various foundations, societies, and ethnicities, along these lines prompting the idea of multicultural advising hypothesis. This paper audits the advantages and disadvantages of multicultural guiding. Today our networks have been stirred up in light of the fact that the expansion in human populace has constrained individuals to migrate to different nations looking for work. This is inferable from the way that the assets in their countries could barely support them thus whenever they made sure about circumstances in remote countries they chose to settle there.Advertising Looking for research paper on social investigations? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although they exist in outside land they keep on displaying their societies which make them interesting. In any case, multicultural instructors must be familiar to the way of life of their customers since that way they will be in a situation to comprehend their multicultural customers better (James, 2008). Upsides and downsides of Multicultural Counseling Theory The advantages and disadvantages of MCT are ascribed to elements, for example, ethnicity, sexual orientation, age, inability, and religion. Coming up next are the qualities of MCT: (1). is adaptable and thinks about various societies; 2. It is in itself a hypothetical model; 3. Understanding it causes instructors to manage individuals from various societies; and 4. a few options can be applied utilizing MCT. Then again, the constraints of MCT include: 1. the instructor need to comprehend various societies; 2. there is have to comprehend the basic ideas of MCT; 3. the hypothesis has little examination corresponding to investigative proof; 4. it dismisses customary treatments; and 5. It is commonly hard for advocates to receive MCT. In this light, the accompanying segment talks about the variables influencing multicultural guiding and the characteristics required by a multicultural instructor. The elements are examined according to the referenced upsides and downsides of MCT. Components Influencing Multicultural Counseling MCT traces that when an advocate is offering guidance he/she should not bargain the way of life of his customers in this manner he/she ought to value their disparities. In the event that the customers feel that their instructor doesn't get them, for example, why they do certain things or why they carry on with a particular goal in mind, they will select an advocate who has a place with their ethnicity and accordingly multicultural advising will free its importance. The best technique towards the achievement of multicultural advising is to have tweaked ways to deal with customer issues which may help take care of their issues. In the event that an ad vocate applies a uniform methodology in taking care of clients’ issue he/she won't take care of their issues in an agreeable way. This is on the grounds that individuals comprehend things distinctively and their musings are affected by their experiences and societies. It is inadmissible for an instructor to talk adversely about the way of life or ethnicity of his/her customers. In the event that the customers came to understand this they would free the pride that they have towards their way of life and this may bring about hatred.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Multicultural Counseling Theory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Pedersen (2002), guides ought to advance the resilience of social decent variety by valuing their customers paying little heed to their experience. In the event that an instructor must dishearten against a given social practice he/she should bring the point home in a pleasant way since util izing discourteous language will make it sound like an affront. The advocate ought to build up a companionship dependent on trust with his/her customers. For this trust to be understood, the advocate must demonstrate to his/her customers that what they share is private in such a case that they feel that their privileged insights are undependable they can’t set out to impart imperative data to the guide. This data is significant on the grounds that it makes the customer to give the pertinent data that could be the main driver of their concern. This implies the instructor ought to be unbiased while managing his/her customers in such a case that he separates some of them the others will come to acknowledge somehow and this will negatively affect the respectability of the advisor. This suggests a multicultural advocate ought to have solid relational aptitudes to empower him/her handle circumstances including individuals from various societies (Gladding, 2009). Guides must be acqu ainted with the social estimations of their customers and furthermore see how the individuals of different foundations associate with the remainder of the world. This alludes to their preferences which is incredibly affected by their societies. Inability to comprehend their preferences may make the guide apply wrong way to deal with their concern. The above expressed situation happens regularly and that’s why you will hear customers saying that they looked for proficient assistance from a given instructor and it was not powerful while another customer may adulate the fitness of a similar advocate. This could be because of the way that the two customers are from various inceptions and the advocate being referred to could be recognizable to the way of life of one of them subsequently he had the option to offer suitable assistance. At the point when individuals from various societies and races meet up their disparities become their character. Pope-Davis and Coleman (2001) propos e that these distinctions are significant in light of the fact that they give them a feeling of having a place. Accepting that we were all not quite the same as one another, association would be outlandish. At the point when individuals from different societies involve a similar natural surroundings there are two potential results of their cooperations. Initial, one culture may be killed by another. Both of the two societies might be wiped out, that is, the host culture or the outside culture, yet this procedure relies upon the one that rules the living space shared by the two societies. For example, if the outsiders dwarf the hosts, the way of life of the outsiders is probably going to be saved while that of the host is rejected off.Advertising Searching for research paper on social examinations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Furthermore, the two societies might be held yet this happens when there is a harmony between the hosts and the outsiders. What's more, a few people are traditionalist subsequently they can’t permit their societies to be wiped out and in this way they will effectively guarantee that their way of life is perceived any place they are found. This represents a more noteworthy test to instructors. Yet, this relies upon how people feel about their way of life. This is on the grounds that there are a few societies that are believed to subjugate individuals thus when the age that presented them passes on, the individuals who remain abrogate it continuously. For example, female circumcision among some African people group was an obligatory transitional experience yet generally not very many individuals keep on rehearsing it since individuals are currently mindful of the threats that accompany it. Multicultural guides ought to likewise comprehend the distinctions of sex and sexuality, t hat is, people. Cormier, Nurius and Osborn (2008) clarify this is on the grounds that the two sexes react to circumstances in an unexpected way. Besides, people have various mentalities. These components are affected by their hereditary organization. Ladies will in general be passionate subsequently they are more sensitive than men. Then again, men are physical and that’s why when a man says a final farewell to his life partner its simpler for him to proceed onward with his life contrasted with the lady who sets aside more effort to mend the injuries. In addition, instructors ought to acclimate themselves with customers of different sexual directions. Thusly, they will have the option to give fitting guidance to their customers independent of their sex or sexual direction. This is on the grounds that misconception

Peter Brook Essays

Dwindle Brook Essays Dwindle Brook Paper Dwindle Brook Paper How would you believe that Peter Brook has utilized the thoughts/procedures of the professionals definite in Mitters study? If it's not too much trouble allude to Brooks own works, especially The Shifting Point, in responding to this inquiry. Dwindle Brook is one of the universes most popular chiefs and has much inside and out information and experience of the theater. Stream is a key figure in present day theater, expanding on the advancements of prior experts and proceeding with that remarkably twentieth century establishment, the executives theater. (Halfyard, 2000:maxopus. com/articles/8songs_m. htm) Stream is known as the main executive of his age (Peter Hall) and he asserts he can take any void space and consider it an uncovered stage, however where did he get his motivation? Who are his persuasions? In this paper, I am going to attempt to discover any similitudes between Brooks theater methods and those of Konstantin Stanislavsky, Bertolt Brecht and Jerzy Grotowski. I am searching for in the event that he has more inclination towards one of these executives or utilizations a mix of every one of their practice strategies with his on-screen characters. Shomit Mitters study, Systems of Rehearsal, takes a gander at the procedure of practice as indicated by Brook, connecting his practice strategies with those made by Stanislavsky, Grotowski and Brecht. In Mitters presentation from the outset, I felt a feeling of analysis towards Brook; Brook appeared to me more a copy than an innovator (Mitter, 1992:30) and he makes reference to the degree of Brooks obligation to every one of the above chiefs. In spite of the fact that in the last piece of Mitters presentation, he proceeds to state that it is uncommon how Brook demonstrated such a similarity with such totally various executives: I started to feel that his capacity to assimilate the impact of inconceivably different performance centers must be viewed as an accomplishment. (Mitter, 1992:4) In Brooks study The Shifting Point, thinking back on his profession in theater, he talks about a misconception that exists in theater which is the presumption that dramatic procedure falls into two phases; the primary: making, and the second: selling. Stream at that point shows conflict with Stanislavsky: Indeed, even in the title of Stanislavskys incredible work Building a Character, this misconception continues, suggesting that a character can be developed like a divider, until one day the last block is laid and the character is finished. To my psyche, it is the exact inverse. I would state that the procedure comprises not of two phases yet of two stages. First: planning. Second: birth. This is altogether different. (Creek, 1987:7) In one of the not many references to Stanislavsky in Brooks book The Empty Space, Brook depicts this equivalent subject quickly, clarifying that a character isnt a static thing and it cannot be constructed like a divider. (Creek, 1968:114) This accentuation on how he needs to shape his on-screen characters, demonstrate that he needs his entertainers to be continually getting the hang of, experiencing new ways to deal with acting and encountering diverse useful activities inside the practice procedure. Stream doesn't allude to Stanislavsky as frequently as I expected in both The Shifting Point and The Empty Space, though Mitters first part in quite a while book shows tremendous examination among Stanislavsky and Brook. Like Stanislavsky, Brook accepts that the whole corpus of equitably accessible material on the character is lacking. The entertainers need an unquestionably progressively itemized image of the world where their characters live. (Mitter, 1992:28) This strategy Stanislavsky utilized comprised of scrutinizing every entertainer and getting some information about their characters lives; the data that was not written in the content. The entertainers, for instance, were asked to answer inquiries about their individual characters relatives, the characters calling and where they lived. The inquiries were made to give an individual view into the character, thinking how they thought and perceiving the profundity of the character. So as to be, the on-screen character must feel, and so as to feel, the on-screen character must move from the self to the play by means of the brain. (Mitter,1992:11) Stanislavsky had acknowledged how set-structure could play in making feeling. Creek likewise utilizes the set to help make feeling; Instead of holding fast four-square they will currently run all over stepping stools The life of these trades is, at the last, not to originate from the on-screen characters words yet from their activities. Mood and motivation, unfound in the lines, will be found in the stepping stools. (Mitter,1992:38, from The Making of A Midsummer Nights Dream) This implied while the entertainers were genuinely moving up and down the stepping stools, it was influencing the pace and the effect of the lines verbally expressed; bringing about what Brook required from the beginning. He had discovered a way, physiologically instead of mentally, to produce what he required from the entertainers. One would note Brooks rehashed request that he doesnt need things acted. Resounding correctly Grotowskis guarantee that acting is relinquished in his theater. (Mitter, 1992:108) Here, Mitter is depicting a likeness Brook needs to Jerzy Grotowski; how both their optimal theater exhibitions are consistent with life. Stream asked his entertainers not to perform, not to portray and do a development as a regular individual would without overstating. The on-screen characters arent acting, they are being. (Mitter,1992:109, from Peter Brook: A Theatrical Casebook, 1988) Brooks relationship with these thoughts returns in The Shifting Point: A genuine individual is somebody who is open in all pieces of himself, an individual who has created himself to where he can open himself totally with his body, with his knowledge, with his emotions, so none of these channels are blocked.

Michael Bleaney Planners and enterprises (5 other sources to choose Lab Report

Michael Bleaney Planners and ventures (5 different sources to browse) - Lab Report Example As indicated by Stigler (1951, 187) Adam Smith clarifies this idea with his renowned case of pin-production. In the event that one individual were to make pins, he would most likely have the option to make only one pin in a day. In any case, if the pin making process is separated into 18 phases and in every one of the 10 specialists split these undertakings among themselves, each doing only one sort of employment, together they had the option to create 48000 pins. This is on the grounds that as the undertaking is partitioned each work gets capable and spent significant time in that task as he is focusing on only one sort of work and along these lines the human brain finds the most effective method of carrying out that responsibility. In this way with division of work, there is an expansion in the creation, expertise and proficiency of time offering ascend to the development of machines. Be that as it may, Adam Smith perceives the weaknesses of division of work and says that with specialization, when a man goes through his entire time on earth playing out a couple of basic errands he gets moronic and uninformed. Simultaneously be that as it may, he additionally says that division of work causes innovations and mechanical headways. The inconsistency is that when the division of work makes the laborer and thus society all in all inept, at that point in what capacity can there be innovative progression and creations in a similar society (Stigler 187-188). Numerous market analysts as indicated by Stigler (1951, 189) have held this against Adam Smith and have seen his hypothesis as conflicting. Be that as it may, upon closer investigation we see that when Smith said that the worker who goes through his time on earth doing a couple of basic assignments has no chance to execute his comprehension and developments as his work is excessively mechanical. He has no compelling reason to endeavor to evacuate challenges that never happen. He in this manner consequently loses the propensity for applying and for the most part gets inept and uninformed. In this way as per Smith his deftness at his own specific work is to the detriment

North Face Free Essays

string(68) papers after the budget summaries and feeling has been issued. Task 2: North Face Auditors are confronted with the troublesome assignment of protecting people in general, that as they would like to think, the fiscal reports of their customers are precise and liberated from any material errors. The issue is that materiality is an emotional figure. In the North Face case an insignificant income acknowledgment passage wound up being material when aggravated with extra errors. We will compose a custom article test on North Face or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now North Face was the culprit of the deliberate errors however they were hidden by the Deloitte review consultant, Richard Fiedelman. Fiedelman permitted extra non-unmistakable income to be posted and adjusted/supplanted the first working papers that revealed the first material misquote. (Knapp, Rittenberg, Johnstone, Gramling, 2012) Several proper accounting rules (GAAP) and by and large acknowledged reviewing principles (GAAS) were damaged (In the Matter of Richard Fiedelman, 2003) bringing about declining stock costs and Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) sanctions. SEC Sanctioned Richard Fiedelman The SEC requires the all registrant working papers be checked on by an accomplice that isn't doled out to the commitment. At the point when the Deloitte agreeing accomplice found the errors and misquoted income they examined further prompting the audit and a definitive revelation of the modified working papers. North Face’s review advisory group at that point held a subsequent bookkeeping firm to research the bookkeeping records which prompted the SEC endorsing Fiedelman. (Knapp, Rittenberg, Johnstone, Gramling, 2012) 1. The SEC authorized Richard Fiedelman for neglecting to report the progressions that his subordinates had made in 1997 North Face work papers and for neglecting to practice due expert consideration. Clarify the SEC’s sound in making every one of these charges. The SEC found that Fiedelman damaged GAAP by permitting acknowledgment of net revenue on the subsequent trade change and disregarded GAAS 150, 230, 326, and 338. (In the Matter of Richard Fiedelman, 2003) Failing to Document Work Paper Changes Per the few GAAS infringement the SEC was on the whole correct to endorse Fiedelman for neglecting to archive the progressions made to North Face working papers. AU 338 (339A) coordinates inspectors on the significance of working papers. Working papers are the â€Å"principal record of the work that the reviewer has done and the ends that are reached concerning noteworthy issues. † (Public Company Accounitng Oversight Board, 1982) The working papers help guarantee that the review commitment has been appropriately arranged and satisfactorily regulated. It is likewise the record of the review proof and strategies applied to the review. Fiedelman likewise damaged Auditing Standard No. 3 which is certain that any progressions must be archived. â€Å"Circumstances may expect increases to review documentation after the report discharge date. Review documentation must not be erased or disposed of after the documentation finish date, be that as it may, data might be included. Any documentation included must show the date the data was included, the name of the individual who arranged the extra documentation, and the explanation behind including it. † (Public Accounting Oversight Board, 2004-06) When Fiedelman amended the 1997 work papers without the best possible documentation he abused Standard No. 3 defending the SEC authorization. Neglecting to Exercise Due Professional Care Fiedelman disregarded AU 150 and AU 326, neglecting to execute due expert consideration. AU 150 states that â€Å"due proficient consideration is to be practiced in the presentation of the review and the arrangement of the report. † (Public Accounitng Oversight Board, 2001) AU 230 clarifies that due expert consideration is â€Å"employments where impossible to miss expertise is essential, on the off chance that one offers his administrations, he is comprehended as holding himself out to the general population as having the level of aptitude regularly controlled by others in a similar work, and if his pretentions are unwarranted, he submits a types of extortion upon each man who utilizes him in dependence on his open calling. † It states anyway that nobody is liberated from blunder. Due expert consideration doesn't plan work to be liberated from mistake yet liberated from carelessness. (Open Accouniting Oversighe Board, 1972) Fiedelman damaged the due expert consideration standard when he permitted the misquote and edge acknowledgment to be posted. The misquote was at that point noted yet he himself ought to have known that the edge was not allowed and that the error ought to have been adjusted. It is additionally worried that the expanded deals from $90,000 to $3. 9 million was not examined all the more altogether, again demonstrating Fiedelmans absence of due expert consideration. Fiedelman additionally abused AU 326 Evidential Matter. With the infringement of such a significant number of examining measures the SEC had no other decision however to authorize Fiedelman. (Knapp, Rittenberg, Johnstone, Gramling, 2012) If there is no discipline for adjusting working papers examiners would fear no repercussions and they would modify the papers at whatever point they needed decreasing the public’s confirmation of budget summary precision SEC’s Punishment The SEC rebuffed Fiedelman by suspending him from being associated with reviews of SEC customers for a long time. 2. Take a situation on the seriousness of the SEC’s discipline of Richard Fiedelman of a multi year suspension on being associated with the reviews of SEC customers, bolster your position. The discipline was reasonable. The obligation of an evaluator is to safeguard fiscal report clients that they are liberated from any material errors. For this situation Fiedelman settled on a cognizant decision to permit North Face to post edge that ought not have been acknowledged, per GAAP. Fiedelman ought not be permitted to rehearse with an open bookkeeping firm until the SEC feels that he won't permit similar errors to happen once more. In the Matter of Richard Fiedelman, 2003) In request to safeguard the open that the reviewing calling is solid this sort of discipline is essential. Each case ought to be checked on an individual premise and if there is any inquiry that the reviewer will keep on permitting errors they ought to be suspended from being engaged with SEC customers. Adjust Clien t Work Papers The PCAOB has quite certain directions that any augmentations or changes to review documentation after the discharge date should be reported. 3. Expecting that you are a review administrator in an open bookkeeping firm. The commitment accomplice requests that you alter customer work papers after the budget summaries and conclusion has been given. You read North Face in classification Paper models Determine what you would do in this circumstance. Give your justification. On the off chance that the accomplice isn't requesting that I conceal the change and the adjustment is vital, per GAAP or review principals, at that point I would make the alteration. On the off chance that the customer accomplice is requesting to have the papers changed without documentation, or the alteration ought not be done, I would not adjust the work papers. Examining standard No. 3 unmistakably expresses that any change should be archived. Open Accounting Oversight Board, 2004-06) In the North Face case it doesn't show the staff that modified the work papers were reproved, (Knapp, Rittenberg, Johnstone, Gramling, 2012) anyway as a trough on the off chance that it is found that you changed work papers without documentation or need, regardless of whether there were no lawful repercussions, it would hurt your notoriety and eventually influence your profession. The choice investigation structure could be utilized in deciding whether it is important to tell another review accomplice or the customer review board of trustees about the solicitation. I would not modify the papers yet in the event that nobody is made mindful of the advisor’s demand they may get another person to adjust the work papers. For this situation profound quality and morals ought to be sufficient to keep a trough from changing work papers, however it assists with having disciplines set up to help discourage untrustworthy activities. Materiality Public bookkeepers by and large utilize subjective investigation to decide the suitable degree of material misquotes. 4. Assess the act of â€Å"materiality† utilized by open bookkeeping firms and how bookkeeping firms should address it with customers. Materiality depends on the supposition a sensible speculator would not be impacted in venture choices by a variance in total compensation not exactly or equivalent to 5%. This â€Å"5% rule† remains the crucial reason for working materiality gauges. † (Vorhies, 2005) Since materiality depends on the way that speculators would not be impacted when insignificant misquotes are found, if the quantities of irrelevant errors are little they won't forestall an unfit review assessment. Huge misquotes and countless little errors that could be viewed as one error should be amended before an inadequate feeling can be given. Since all errors are introduced to the executives and the review board, how the misquotes should be tended to ought to be examined with them around then on. In the event that they won't make the remedies the reviewer should decline to give an unfit review feeling. (Vorhies, 2005) It is imperative to recollect that each misquote should be investigated for materiality. A little misquote may not appear to be significant however might be a sign of a bigger total or future error. (Open Coumpany Accounting Oversight Board, 2010) North Face Management Auditors are not required to censure key choices made by their customers supervisory group, that doesn't mean they ought not use due expert consideration while breaking down administration conduct. 5. North Face’s supervisory groups were condemned for vital bungles that they made over

Gypsies During the Holocaust Timeline

Wanderers During the Holocaust Timeline The Gypsies (Roma and Sinti) are one of the overlooked casualties of the Holocaust. The Nazis, in their endeavor, to free the universe of nuisances, directed the two Jews and Gypsies for eradication. Follow the way of abuse to mass butcher in this course of events of what befell the Gypsies during the Third Reich. 1899Alfred Dillmann builds up the Central Office for Fighting the Gypsy Nuisance in Munich. This office gathered data and fingerprints of Gypsies. 1922Law in Baden expects Gypsies to convey unique distinguishing proof papers. 1926In Bavaria, the Law for the Combating the Gypsies, Travelers, and Work-Shy sent Gypsies more than 16 to workhouses for a long time in the event that they couldn't demonstrate customary business. July 1933Gypsies disinfected under the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring. September 1935Gypsies remembered for the Nuremberg Laws (Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor). July 1936400 Gypsies are gathered together in Bavaria and shipped to the Dachau inhumane imprisonment. 1936The Racial Hygiene and Population Biology Research Unit of the Ministry of Health at Berlin-Dahlem are built up, with Dr. Robert Ritter its chief. This office met, estimated, considered, shot, fingerprinted, and inspected Gypsies so as to archive them and make total genealogical postings for each Gypsy. 1937Special death camps are made for Gypsies (Zigeunerlagers). November 1937Gypsies are avoided from the military. December 14, 1937Law Against Crime orders captures of the individuals who by hostile to social conduct regardless of whether they have perpetrated no wrongdoing have demonstrated that they don't wish to fit into society. Summer 1938In Germany, 1,500 Gypsy men are sent to Dachau and 440 Gypsy ladies are sent to Ravensbrã ¼ck. December 8, 1938Heinrich Himmler gives a pronouncement on the Fight Against the Gypsy Menace which expresses that the Gypsy issue will be treated as an issue of race. June 1939In Austria, an announcement orders 2,000 to 3,000 Gypsies to be sent to death camps. October 17, 1939Reinhard Heydrich issues the Settlement Edict which denies Gypsies from leaving their homes or outdoors puts. January 1940Dr. Ritter reports that Gypsies have blended in with asocials and prescribes to have them kept in labor camps and to stop their rearing. January 30, 1940A gathering sorted out by Heydrich in Berlin chooses to evacuate 30,000 Gypsies to Poland. Spring 1940Deportations of Gypsies starts from the Reich to the Generalgouvernment. October 1940Deportation of Gypsies incidentally stopped. Fall 1941Thousands of Gypsies killed at Babi Yar. October to November, 19415,000 Austrian Gypsies, including 2,600 youngsters, extradited to the Lodz Ghetto. December 1941Einsatzgruppen D shoots 800 Gypsies in Simferopol (Crimea). January 1942The enduring Gypsies inside the Lodz Ghetto are expelled to the Chelmno concentration camp and murdered. Summer 1942Probably about this time when choice was made to obliterate the Gypsies.1 October 13, 1942Nine Gypsy delegates designated to make arrangements of unadulterated Sinti and Lalleri to be spared. Just three of the nine had finished their rundowns when extraditions started. The final product was that the rundowns didnt matter - Gypsies on the rundowns were additionally extradited. December 3, 1942Martin Bormann keeps in touch with Himmler against the exceptional treatment of unadulterated Gypsies. December 16, 1942Himmler provides the request for every single German Gypsy to be sent to Auschwitz. January 29, 1943RSHA reports the guidelines for the usage of ousting Gypsies to Auschwitz. February 1943Family camp for Gypsies developed in Auschwitz II, area BIIe. February 26, 1943The first vehicle of Gypsies conveyed to the Gypsy Camp in Auschwitz. Walk 29, 1943Himmler requests every Dutch Gypsy to be sent to Auschwitz. Spring 1944All endeavors to spare unadulterated Gypsies has been forgotten.2 April 1944Those Gypsies that are fit for work are chosen in Auschwitz and sent to different camps. August 2-3, 1944Zigeunernacht (Night of the Gypsies): All Gypsies who stayed in Auschwitz were gassed. Notes: 1. Donald Kenrick and Grattan Puxon, The Destiny of Europes Gypsies (New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1972) 86.2. Kenrick, Destiny 94.

How I Became a DJ

How I Became a DJ “If not now, then when?” That is my motto for the rest of college. In between my classes and group projects, I’ve been taking time to think about all of the things I want to try before I leave this place. Then, I go do them. Over winter break, I came across an application to become a DJ for Pizza FM, a free-form, noncommercial college radio station broadcasted from Allen Hall, one of the residence halls on campus. I’ve always loved sharing my music recommendations with friends, and the idea of having my very own show sounded really exciting. I decided to submit a sample playlist and give it a go. Within a week, I had all of the tools and training I needed to host my very first show. It was scheduled during the Super Bowl, so I doubt I had many active listeners that day. Nonetheless, I loved talking about my favorite tunes and playing them for complete strangers. Pizza FM is yet another example of how Illinois has given me the opportunity to pursue my interests in the least expected ways. I’d encourage all of you to give more thought to what truly gets you excited every day. Those passions are represented in a such a wide variety of ways across campusâ€"even if it’s something as simple as listening to music. Also, check out my show called With a Side of Sauce if you feel like it! Let me know if my actual voice matches my blog post voice. You can listen live on the Pizza FM website on Sundays at 5:00 p.m. CST. Ria Class of 2018 I'm studying both Finance and Information Systems and Information Technology in the Gies College of Business. I’m from Los Altos, California.

The formation of the ExxonMobil Corporation - Free Essay Example

ExxonMobil Corporation was formed in year 1999 after the merger of two major oil companies, Exxon and Mobil. Both Exxon and Mobil were descendants of the John D. Rockefeller Corporation, Standard Oil which was established in 1870. Its headquarters are located in Irving, Texas. ExxonMobil is one of the largest publicly traded companies in the world, they have been ranked either no.1 or no.2 for the past 5 years. However they are currently 4th in the ranking according to Forbes Global 2000 [1]. Today, Exxon Mobil also is the worlds largest refiner and marketer of petroleum products. They operate in most of the worlds countries and well known by their familiar brand names: Exxon, Esso and Mobil. This report will be covering the Exxon Mobil company background and study about the oil refinery industrial processes and operations in the company. Apart from that, research against the risk and its consequences of all the hazards of the oil spill disaster. In the other hand, to study the essential improvement changes in the management systems so that to prevent the disaster happening again. (1) Aims and Objectives of Exxon Mobil Corporation Exxon Mobil Corporation is committed to being the worlds premier petroleum and petrochemical company. They aims to continuously achieve superior financial and operating results while remain to the highest standards of business conduct [1]. Exxon Mobil Corporation is focusing on its corporate governance, because they believe good governance is essential for creating economic climate beneficial to large scale investments. There are 4 important components in their corporate governance which is Management systems, Standards of Business Conduct, Control Systems and National Content Development. [2] Management Systems A good management systems would facilitate the operation and work efficiently of one company. Exxon Mobil Corporation has complies with all applicable laws and regulations, and maintain high standards of the laws and regulations which do not exist. They are also committed to high ethical standards, legal compliance, and integrity which is reflected in their global po licies and practices. With the existing management systems, it is enable Exxon Mobil to comply the new regulations efficiently and providing them with a competitive advantage. Standards of Business No one at the company has the authority to make exceptions waivers with respect to compliance with the standards. The Standard of Business consists of guiding principles, sixteen foundation policies, as well as open-door communication procedures. The Exxon Mobil are committed their shareholders to be rewarded with superior return. They are also committed to provide high quality products and services at competitive prices to customer without changing customer preference. ExxonMobil will continue hire and retain the most qualified employee available and maximize their opportunities for success through training and development. In the other hand, ExxonMobil commit the communities that will maintain high ethical standards, obey all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, and respect loca l and national cultures. Other than that, ExxonMobil are dedicated to running safe and environmentally responsible operations. Control Systems Operations integrity Management Systems (OIMS) was introduced in 1992, it is specially designed to identify hazards and manage risks inherent to the operations and associated with the full-life cycle of projects. With the OIMS, industry-leading lost-time incident rates have been significantly reduced. Risks to the environment have been reduced, with a remarkable decline in marine spills and continuing reductions in emission. The overall effectiveness of OIMS is evaluated every five years for improvement purpose. National Content Development Oil and gas operation able to contribute to the economic growth of a local area, region, or nation. ExxonMobils national content development strategy helps to enhancing the economic and social opportunities. The employment of nationals is a key component of the ExxonMobils national content strategy . ExxonMobil also focuses on training and educating to the national employees, contractors, and suppliers. They are focus on transferring skills and knowledge as well. Purchasing local goods and services will be another target on their strategy. Exxon Mobil is still able to sustain its business with the disciplined approach and long-standing commitment to its corporate during the global recession of 2009. (2) Oil and Refinery Industrial Processes and Operations Crude oil is a mixture of many hydrocarbons compounds and relatively small quantities of other materials such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, salt and water. It has to be refined before it can be used for fuel [3]. An oil refinery or petroleum refining processes are those chemical engineering processes mix with other petroleum refineries facilities to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils. [4] All refineries perform three basic steps: -Separation (fractional distillation) -Conversion (Cracking and rearranging the molecules) -Purification Diagram 2.0 Refining Process in Antwerp, Belgium Refinery [5] Below are one of the refining processes and operations from ExxonMobil Refinery plant [6]: Step 1: Separation Every refinery begins with the separation of crude oil into different fractions by distillation. The refinery receives its raw material through the pipe line. The crude oil is transferred into atmospheric distillation tower where it is heated and then separated into its different fractions. The products from the distillation tower range from gases at the top to very heavy, viscous liquids at the bottom. The heaviest residue is redistilled in the vacuum distillation unit and processed to make bitumen, heavy fuels. Step 2: Conversion is a very important processes to convert low valued heavy oil into high valued petrol. It is a process to change the size and/or structure of hydrocarbon molecules. These different fractions from distillation are then desulfurized and stripped of various unwanted substances. Conversion processes include decomposition (dividing) by thermal and catalytic cracking; Unification (combining) through alkylation and polymerization; and Alteration (rearranging) with isomerization and catalytic reforming [7]. Step 3: Purification The different products from conversion process are brought up to the required specification through a series of subsequent treatment processes. This process is done by Hydro treating. In Hydro treating, unfinished products are contacted with hydrogen under heat and high pressure in the presence of a catalyst, producing hydrogen sulphide and desulphurised product [8]. In the Exxon Mobils Rotterdam Refinery plant, coking unit flexicoker which was constructed in the mid eighties is using for converting the residual oil from vacuum or atmospheric distillation unit into petroleum coke as well as naphtha and diesel oil. Flexicoking is a process to convert heavy oil fractions into lighter fractions. The flexicoker is fed with the heavy oil residues or fraction from the vacuum distillation. The heavy residues are then converted at very high temperatures in the flexicoker into 70% light oil products and cokes. ExxonMobil would use these cokes to heat the different production processes. The remaining of very small quantity of coke is used in the cement industry. [6 ] (3) Risks in all areas that lead to the accident In year 1989, March 24 midnight, a serious oil spill was occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska. There are several risks was found that lead the Exxon Valdezs oil spill event from happening. According to the accident investigation reported by The National Transportation Safety Board, they are finalised and determined five possible causes of the grounding as below [9]: Firstly, it was found that the third mate failed to properly manoeuvre the vessel, probably due to fatigue and excessive workload. At the time of the grounding, third mate just could have had 5 or 6 hours sleep in the previous 24 hours working. Regardless, he had had a physically demanding and stressful day, and he was working beyond his normal watch period. The third mates navigation tasks for starting the turn involved navigating the tanker in a high risk situation. Secondly, the master was possibly impaired with the alcohol and he had failed to provide a proper navigation watch. A blood test showed alcoh ol in the masters blood several hours after the accident but he had denied that he was not impaired by alcohol [10]. During 1985, the master was instructed underwent treatment because his job performance is unsatisfactory owing to the perceived use of alcohol. He was supposed attending treatment program at the hospital but this recommended outpatient treatment program was not followed and monitored by management. Thirdly, Exxon Shipping Company failed to supervise and control the master. Besides that, ExxonMobil also failed to provide a rested and sufficient crew for the Exxon Valdez. Exxon corporate management demonstrated inadequate knowledge of and concern about the seriousness of having an alcohol-impaired master. Exxon should have removed the master from seagoing employment until there was proof that he had his alcohol problem under control. In the other hand, Exxon Valdez was operated with a reduced crew complement. The number of unlicensed crewmembers in the deck departmen t was not sufficient to provide uninterrupted watch. Additionally, the U.S. Coast Guard had failed to provide an effective vessel traffic system. Vessel Traffic Center (VTC) watchstander could tracked the Exxon Valdez was farther 7.7 miles from the traffic lane if they set a lower range scale on the master radar console. Used of the higher range scale, VTC watchstander might not noticed the smaller course and speed change of vessel. Thus, accuracy of the radar tracking was reduced. Other than that, supervision of the VTC was adversely affected after the man power was reduced. Lastly, Effective pilot and escort services were lacking. The master only received verbal information about ice report from the pilot, and he had no choice to leave the port as tug boards were alongside and the pilot was on board already. Based on the statement above, we can see that all the risks is come from human-error or humans attitude and these unfortunate event had caused the ever largest human- caused disaster to the environment. (4) Consequences of all the effects of the accident In year 1989, the happening event bring a lot of aftermath to their country comprise the harmed to communities, environments, marine mammals, birds, fishes, as well as economic effects. Marine mammals, fishes and birds died in the days immediately after the oil spill. According to BBC News, below are estimated deaths figure of marine mammals, fishes and birds: [11] Seabirds Sea otters Harbor seals Bald eagles Killer whales Salmon and herring 250000 2800 300 250 22 unknown After the spill, we can obviously see that reduction in population of various ocean animals, stunted development in pink salmon populations. Meanwhile, larger marine mammals and ducks suffered ill effects because their prey was contaminated. A decade later, the ecosystem still suffers as the contamination still existed in beaches, national parks and designated wilderness. Evidence for toxic of hydrocarbon exposure can be seen from the persist contamination of mussel bed s [12]. According to previous study, toxicity of the oil spill will remained for a decade or more due the oil was segregate by the wave action, light and bacteria was inhibited. [13] The disaster also brings lasting harm to local communities as subsistence harvests of fish and wildlife substantially declined by Alaska Native communities after the spill. Other than that, the commercial for salmon and herring fisheries were adversely affected. It was also affected the human health as 20 communities have had major social and psychological impact like depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder [13]. Economic always will have negative impacts after any disaster. For the Exxon Valdez oil spill case, it caused the economic effect in term of cleanup expenses, natural resource damages and the various economic losses incurred by the affected community or individuals [14]. We cant deny that the oil spill had brought a lot negative impacts especially to environment but sometimes we are underestimated the consequences hazards of this disaster. The environmental consequences may went far serious than we thought. [15] (5) Improvement in the management systems Improvements are always needed to against the disaster. Exxon Mobil has put a lot of effort to enhance the management system to prevent another Exxon Valdez from happening. According to the previous study on risk, third mate and the master was the person that makes the accident happen. At the end, Exxon has implemented Operation Integrity Management System (OIMS) to addresses all aspects of managing safety, health, security, environment and social risks as well. There are 11 important elements in OIMS [16] Diagram 5.0 Operation Integrity Management System (OIMS) 11 elements from Exxon [16] Risks of safety, health, environmental and security can be reduced through the risk assessment and management in OIMS systems. In the risk management system, hazards are able to identify easily, so that prevention can be take place immediately. For this reason, Exxon Mobil has organized drug and alcohol testing programs for safety sensitive positions. Other than that, they are restricte d safety-sensitive positions to employees with no history of substance abuse. Additionally, employees training issue. All companys must threat the training period of the newer employees as a very seriously event, this will improve the knowledge and management skill of the employees to become a successful workers no matter faces any difficulties and challenges. Much of the safety trainings must be provided to prevent any unwanted events. Its to let the workers familiar with the safety issues and take precautions always. At last, Exxon Mobil has implemented and strengthened training programs for vessel captains and pilots to provide more efficient responsibility. A specially trained and experience pilots required onboard the ship for the entire crossing through the Sound. Improvement in operation and maintenance is needed to ensure and monitor the status of compliance with regulations and responsible standards. In order to meet the requirement, ExxonMobil has improved the proced ures through this system. Then make sure the structured inspection and maintenance programs are implemented well according to parameters and regulations. ExxonMobil also set up a department to investigate and analysis the incident and to ensure processes are in place for addressing and sharing learning from company and industry incidents. With the effectiveness of this system, they able to track previous reported incidents and take corrective action and prevent it happen again. As example, applied new technology in order to improve vessel navigation system and ensure the integrity of oil containment systems. [17] Based on the study above, Improvement still can be implemented by Exxon Mobil, example using double bottom and double hull for all the tankers. Referring to case incident in the Lake Maracaibo Channel in Venezuela, can be said that double hull tanker able to prevent or reduce oil spill [18]. Conclusion Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster, the main reason led to this accident was the negligence of the management department and irresponsibility of the onboard officer. Owing to deficiency of safety and operations knowledge of employer and employees, contributing to the overwhelming accident that making huge damage to the environment and marine mammals. From this report, we learnt that the management of company plays a significant role at all fields including safety and health. Company management must always put their efforts to control all the risks and also benefits of employees. Some improvements have to be taken and monitor and review it periodically. All the oil and petroleum companies should take this tragedy as a remembrance and not forget it and 100% eradicating it from our domestic life on nowadays and also in future. (2755 words)

Social Work Roles Of Macro Practice - 1736 Words

Social Work Roles in Macro Practice Journal 1 Student Name: Adegboyega Bada Professor: George Okurapa Course: Community Practice Course Code: SSW 402FA Due date: 26th February, 2015 The social work roles in macro practice is very fundamental in community building and planning with the community on the existing assets and their†¦show more content†¦It is likely that some professional practitioners will focus their attention primarily in one area than the other, however all social worker experience situations in which macro-level interventions are usually the right action to respond to certain need or problem. Perhaps, macro practice can be define as professional guided interventions which is designed to bring about change in organization, community and or policy areas. Macro practice is meant to prepare social worker for full time agency administration, program planning, community organizing, or policy analysis position. In the event of taking full time macro roles, the worker will need a more advanced skill than what was stated above. It is imperative that all student of social work will be confronted with different roles after graduation, they will sti ll be involved in macro activities, some students are currently working as a social worker with whom work directly with clients and some are coordinators, planners, managers, administrators, organizers and policy analyst in various capacities. This brought about differences between students expectations of social service work practice and the actual experiences ones they are working in the field. As anShow MoreRelatedSocial Worker Macro Practice Roles Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesWhich social worker macro practice roles are involved in the scenario? Of all the roles involved in social work macro practice, which seem the most interesting to you? Which skills do you already possess? Which ones would you need to develop? How might you develop these skills? (Consider career-long learning.) The social worker macro roles involved in the scenario include the following. The social worker is the change agent because they are the individual who is initiating the macro levelRead MoreEssay about The Generalist Practice: A Balance of Art and Science1515 Words   |  7 Pagescommunities, and organizations in the macro environment. Human beings are the product of our environment, nature, and nurture, thus the generalist practitioner must strive to understand the interrelationship among such agents of influence in order to provide effective service to the individuals, families, groups, communities, and systems he or she serves. The task for the generalist practitioner is to apply skill, knowledge, systematic methodology, research, and best practice in an effort to achieve well-beingRead MoreBshs 325 Week 4 Macro System1114 Words   |  5 PagesMacro Systems The concept of personal empowerment is drawn within each individual. Personal empowerment is the ability to have influence on events and those individuals who surround themselves at an intimate level. It is a place in time when an individual knows and understands his or her goal and where they are headed. It is also when an individual that they are ready for change. An example of personal empowerment is a wife and mother who have decided that a change is necessary for her and childrenRead MoreThe National Association Of Social Workers827 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Justice. Generalist social workers should engage in macro practice when possible to promote social and economic justice. All families should have access to the resources and services they need. The National Association of Social Workers (NASW), created a code of Ethics to use in practice. â€Å"Social Workers advocate for fair and equitable access to public services and benefits. Social workers advocate for equal treatme nt and protection under the law and challenge injustices, especially injusticesRead MoreMental Health And Health Services1167 Words   |  5 Pages9/11, Hurricane Katrina, and the influx of veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Citizens are now recognizing how trauma impacts individuals, families, and communities (Reardon, 2011). A second trend in social services include the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008. The Act provides that large companies provide equal insurance coverage for mental health services when compared to medical services. In other words, insurance companies areRead MoreEvaluation Of The Field Supervisor s Role896 Words   |  4 PagesKadushin and Harkness. (2002 p.23) define supervision in social work as â€Å"the process of overseeing, directing, coordinating, enhancing, and evaluating the on-the-job performance of workers for whom the supervisor is responsible.† The field supervisor’s role is to guide and assist the student as they learn to implement the theory and skills learned through their academic studies. The supervisor and student form a working partnership whereas each utilize this placement to enhance their levels of expertiseRead MoreThe Roots Of Human Nature1142 Words   |  5 Pagesour parents at the point of conception. These inherited characteristics can foresee our personality and intelligence traits. Though hereditary does play a role into these characteristics, it is our environment, experiences, and the way we are brought up that influence our development. It is the mixture of our biological make-up and our social world experiences that make up our human nature. The skills we gain throughout our lives are constantly being improved and expanded on. The question of whatRead MoreThere Are Different Theories, Perspectives, Practices,1704 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent theories, perspectives, practices, and models that guide the social worker’s profession. A theory is a framework that is used to analyze and explain the unknown or certain aspects of the world. A perspective is a point of view, an explanation for something that is uncertain or unknown. The transcultural perspective embraces five interrelated but distinct dimensions of diversity: 1) recognizing the importance of culture in social work at all levels of practice; 2) applying principles of culturalRead MoreMicro System Is An Individual (Kirst-Ashman Karen K.,1145 Words   |  5 Pagestennis team, badminton team and part of the environmental and flower club. Boundaries are boarders or margins that separate one entity from another (Kirst-Ashman, el, al, 2014, p.14). To be a part of these sport teams, I had to go through trials and practices to make the team and then learn how to trust our partner. In a game with my partner, I learned to build trust and have faith that my partner will have my back or side; even though it is not always guarantee, as my partner and I can only go so farRead MoreIs There A Sociology Of Love?1046 Words   |  5 Pages Sociological perspectives are theories that we use in the sociological world to view our social environment. These are principles set in sociology to answer, illustrate, describe or relate to a certain phenomenon, to give us a perception on a subject. The sociology theories are to enable us to analyse, predict or explain our social sphere. There are macro and micro level analysis of how perspectives work. I am going to evaluate contrasting sociological perspectives to assess particular perspective

The Theory Of A Teacher - 848 Words

I understand that running an entire state can be difficult, but it is critical for an important man, such as yourself, to keep in mind the education system in New York and to remember the future of the state. The Danielson Framework for teachers, although it does provide a standard to assess teachers on, is ultimately inaccurate and inefficient. The framework fails to provide an assessment on how â€Å"effective† a teacher is but rather how effective a teacher can act while getting reviewed. In the occasion that a teacher does attempt to follow the framework throughout the year, they could end up focusing too much on the minor aspects than focusing on the content they are teaching. Please understand that there are better ways to judge the effectiveness of a teacher. The Danielson Framework has forced teachers to means of teaching they are not comfortable with. Teachers have changed their entire teaching methods for their evaluations. My teacher shifted from a normally lecture- heavy class setting, which has its benefits, to worksheets and activities for one day to convince their evaluators that they are â€Å"engaging students in learning† with â€Å"activities and assignments.† Although you may believe that these activities are engaging, a teacher whose main strength is in lectures and whose students have grown accustomed to his lectures did not know how to effectively use those worksheets. To this day I have no idea what I learned in that activity. It was not only this one teacher whoShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Teacher Collaboration1326 Words   |  6 Pagesshows that the concept of teacher collaboration is still ambiguous. In a collaborative effort, different stakeholders may be present or it may be mediated by others while peer collaboration took place among teachers with similar rank. The term ‘collaboration’ is interchangeably used with ‘collegiality’ and ‘teaming’ when it took place between te achers. Mutual goal and shared understanding are important aspects of teacher collaboration. The notion refers to the teacher to teacher interaction regardingRead MoreThe Theory Of The Mathematics Teacher1318 Words   |  6 Pagesprinciples solves a new case as readily as an old one†. (Spencer, 1878, p.57) â€Å"What you see and what you hear depends a great deal on where you are standing. It also depends on what sort of person you are†. (Lewis, 1994, p.108) The mathematics teacher builds examples into their arsenal of resources to help demonstrate the mathematical principles they are trying to teach (Dreyfus, 1994). However, not all examples are equally constructed and provide the same learning experience to the learner. Read MoreA Dance Teacher : A Theory And Sociocultural Theory Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesto apply to Piagetian theory and sociocultural theory, I chose the position of a dance teacher. Children of all ages join dance companies, and the experiences and interactions from this activity can have a great effect on their development. After dancing for so many years I have first hand experience on how it can influence a developing child. These two theories are important when understanding the ways in which a child develops, and this paper will focus on how a dance teacher can aid the developmentRead MoreThe Theory Of Preschool Teachers Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesParticipants Participants in this program are preschool teachers who teach in inclusive classrooms located in public elementary schools in Metro Nashville, Davidson County, Wilson County, and Williamson County. These school districts were selected because of their locations in both rural and urban areas. Target numbers for teacher involvement are n=100 because this is a number of participants that is often achieved in teacher professional development studies with similar designs (CITE). ParticularRead MoreThe Theory Of Teaching For Teachers1998 Words   |  8 Pagesadulthood. It is not an age habit, it is society as a whole who choose to remember the instruction of the concept instead of learning, which I too am guilty of. Modern day education focuses more on memorization. Many people believe teaching for teachers has become easier and remembering and learning alone for students, especially those entering kindergarten, has become crucial and difficult. When I went to preschool or even kindergarten that is where they taught me how to spell my name and whatRead MoreThe Theory And Practice Of Teacher Leadership2178 Words   |  9 PagesThe concept and practice of teacher leadership have gained momentum in the past two decades. Teachers are assuming more leadership functions at both instructional and organizational levels of practice. Empirical literature reveals effects of teacher leadership practice, teacher leader characteristics, and conditions that promote and challenge teacher leadership. Teachers’ leadership and collective expertise are tightly linked to student achievement. A sophisticated new study has found that schoolsRead MoreAdult Learning Theories That A Boss Or Teacher762 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Coleman, There are several adult learning theories that a boss or teacher can employ to motivate adults learners and employees in the workplace. The two I choose is John Stacey Adams, Equity Theory and Malcolm Knowles, Adult Learning Theory. I have employed these theories in the workplace to improve work performance, also as a facilitator with students, and on myself in graduate school now. John Stacey Adams, â€Å"Equity Theory† believes a person is motivated solely on what they considerRead MoreThe Theory Of Multiple Intelligences And The Implications That It Has For Teachers1462 Words   |  6 PagesReflective Response 3 Gardner’s Theory of Multiples Intelligences and the implications that it has for teachers By Arlet Vega Guerra NSU ID 01623158 EDU 502 CRN 24704 Psychological Foundations of Education Dr. EM Rentas Nova Southeastern University March 24, 2017 The theory of multiple intelligences which has been a significant and remarkable contribution for many educators and researchers that were studying the reasons and element necessaries to the teaching of specific intelligencesRead MoreTheories of Motivating Adults and Relationship with Supervising Teachers864 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent personal growth goal and their means of obtaining that growth varies. For instance, according to Steinberg’s theory, the wise teacher considers his or her own interests and those of family in deciding whether to conform to an uncomfortable teaching environment, to seek to shape the environment, or to leave it (Glickman, Gordon, Ross-Gordon, 2010). There are theories of Adult Learning and one in particular, Andragogy, by Malcolm Knowles who proposed four basic assumptions of adult learningRead MoreHow Constructivist Theory Changed My Transition From A Beginning Classroom Teacher954 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding takes place throughout the individual’s life and each new experience builds upon the knowledge gained from past experiences. As I attempt to explain and understand how the constructivist theory affected my transition from a beginning classroom teacher to an instructional school leader, I must admit that I didn’t really understand the process until it became a reality for me. I woke up one day and realized that things that were very difficult for me suddenly became second nature to

The Metaphysical Conceit in Donnes Poems - 1198 Words

The Metaphysical Conceit Donne’s Poems â€Å"The Flea† and â€Å"A Valediction† are poems by John Donne that were written in the 17th Century. These poems incorporate the fundamental of something called a metaphysical conceit. Interesting though, both poems use the metaphysical conceit to tell a story about two very opposite situation between two â€Å"partners†. â€Å"The Flea’s† metaphysical conceit is stretched along a lustful, passionate, relationship between two individuals. â€Å"A Valediction’s† metaphysical conceit follows Donne asking his wife to be calm about his leaving rather than grieving about it. The poet cleverly hides the true meaning of the poem encouraging his readers to conduct closer readings and find the implicit details for themselves. We see in both these poems how the metaphysical conceit is played out to tell two different stories and represent two very different situations between two partners, whethe r they be husband and wife, or man and mistress. In order to really break down the meaning of this poem, we must first understand the idea of a â€Å"metaphysical conceit†. This term is an intricate and intellectual device used very often by 17th Century poets like John Donne. According to www.britannica.com it â€Å"sets up an analogy between one entity’s spiritual qualities and an object in the physical world and sometimes controls the whole structure of the poem.† In the context of â€Å"The Flea†, this spiritual entity is love, lust, and sex, and the â€Å"object† in the physical worldShow MoreRelatedMetaphysical Poetry By John Donne1590 Words   |  7 PagesFeras Mohammed Awaga Grade 11 B Metaphysical Poetry According to English language, when metaphysical is divided into two words ‘meta’ is defined as after and physical remains as it is. Thus metaphysical means after the physical. The definition above was according to English language, however according to poetry is†¦. Many poets got involved in metaphysical poetry like: Samuel Johnson who wrote his book which is known as ‘’Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets’’, Henry Vaughan, Andrew Marvel, RichardRead MorePoetry: Donne’s Metaphysical Work 1180 Words   |  5 Pagesif the poet is able to carry sensation into these poems, forming them into passionate experiences through vivid and moving imagery. For uncertain or inexperienced readers not prepared for understatement and subtleties, Donne’s poetry acts as a vivid recruiting device. Such readers need to be grabbed by the shoulders and shaken by the strenuousness of Donne’s metaphysical conceits in order to truly delig ht in the style and theme of a poem. Donne’s far-fetched analogies that challenge ordinary logicRead MoreThe word Wit has multiple definitions, most of which metaphysical poets use in their distinctive1400 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinitions, most of which metaphysical poets use in their distinctive poetic style. Definitions for wit include: â€Å"the keen perception and cleverly apt expression of those connections between ideas that awaken amusement and pleasure† (Dictionary.com 2014) and â€Å"understanding, intelligence, or sagacity, astuteness† (Dictionary.com 2014). In this paper I will unpack the main features of metaphysical poetry and explore the relevance of wit and conceit in relation to John Donne’s works. Furthermore, I willRead More John Donnes Use of Wit Language and Metaphor in Poetry Essay754 Words   |  4 Pagesto be one of the greatest metaphysical poets of our time, even though he published only a small number of poems in his lifetime. The poems he did write were metaphorical and often humorus poems telling the tale of religious love and sex. Being a metaphysical poet he exhibited many characteristics of the metaphysical poets. He wrote with metaphysical wit, metaphysical conceit, metaphors, symbols and paradoxes. If these were some of the things that defined a metaphysical poet, then John Donne is aRead MoreJohn Donne1376 Words   |  6 Pagessense founded the metaphysical lyric, which was practiced by scare of writers. As Dowden says, â€Å"We are told that in the decline of the greater poetry of the Elizabethan period , a metaphysical school arose and that John Donne was the founder or the first eminent member of this school.† John Donne set up a new tradition in versification by and large Donne must be regarded as an original poet, â€Å"a poet who gave much more than what he borrowed from his age.† The word â€Å"metaphysical† has been definedRead MoreElements Of Metaphysical Poetry1092 Words   |  5 Pagespoetry known as metaphysical poetry. Metaphysical poetry is a type of poetry that is devotional and mystical in content; it incorporates intellect, logic, and argument to demonstrate concepts such as love and death. Metaphysical poems have the elements of metaphors, metaphysical conceits, paradoxes, and analogies. Metaphors and metaphysical conceits, a type of extended metaphor, are used to show a connection between two things that are not similar and to prove the speaker’s point in his poem. ParadoxesRead MoreMetaphysical Conceit in John Donnes The Sun Rising Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesMetaphysical Conceit in John Donnes The Sun Rising Have you ever been in love? Have you ever felt a love so strong that nothing else seemed to matter? I hope that you have, but if you havent, John Donnes poem, The Sun Rising, gives a revealing glimpse into the emotional roller coaster that is true love. In the poem, Donne uses what is called a metaphysical conceit to emphasize the strength of the devotion between him and his lover. A metaphysical conceit is a metaphor extendedRead MoreCompare the ways in which Donne presents the experience of love in ‘The Sun Rising’ and ‘The Good Morrow’1588 Words   |  7 Pageslove, in a typical Metaphysical style, to engage his reader through sharing his own experiences. These poems show distinctive characteristics of Metaphysical poems which involve colloquial diction, drawing inventive imagery from unconventional sources, passionately analysing relationships and examining feelings. Donne presents the experience of love through conceits, Metaphysical wit, language techniques and imagery, in a confident tone using logical argument. The impact of Donne’s use of direct andRead MoreEssay about Metaphysical Poetry - the flea + sune rising1703 Words   |  7 Pages Metaphysical poets use startling juxtapositions in their poetry to create a greater significance in their arguments and intended meanings throughout the poem. John Donne is said to be the unsurpassed metaphysical poet, metaphysical poetry being poetry relating to a group of 17-century English poets whose verse is typified by an intellectually arduous style, admitting extended metaphors and comparing very disparate things. In 17th century England new discoveries were being made and social customsRead MoreJohn Donne: An Influential English Poet957 Words   |  4 Pagesmerchant, and Elizabeth Heywood Donne, the daughter of the poet and playwright John Heywood. His father died when Donne was about four years old. His younger brother, Henry, also died in John Donne’s early life. John Donne was raised in a Catholic family. Both of his parents were devout Roman Catholics. During Donne’s early adult life he converted to Anglicanism. The education of John Donne is somewhat confusing because the records are incomplete. There is record of his attending Cambridge and Oxford

Students At Mdihs Are Eligible For A High School Diploma

Students at MDIHS are eligible for a high school diploma after obtaining twenty-three credits, including at a minimum four english, three social studies, three science, three mathematics, one physical education, one fine art, and one life skills course (MDIHS, 2015, p.1). In addition to credit hours, students must successfully meet the Freshman and Sophomore content specific graduation standards (MDIHS, 2015, p.1). The majority of students complete their coursework in the traditional classroom setting, which is paired with frequent assessment and feedback cycles. Honors and Advanced Placement courses are available in each of the academic disciplines, however, they follow a similar structure and timetable to the regular education courses. Beyond the classroom, MDIHS facilitates students’ internships at the Jackson Laboratory, enrollment in courses through the College of the Atlantic or the University of Augusta, and participation in a variety academic competitions. Students s truggling to perform in a the typical academic setting may enroll in the Compass Rose program, for personalized instruction and credit recovery. Finally, students interested in pursuing careers in early childhood education, automotive, health sciences, or law enforcement among other programs can enroll half-time at the Hancock County Technical Center (HCTC, 2016, p. 1). Although the professionals at MDIHS have worked diligently to provide students with an array of educational experiences, they are

Master Harold and the Boys Free Essays

â€Å"Master Harold†. . and the Boys is not an overtly political play, but a depiction of â€Å"a personal power? struggle With political implica-tions. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Harold and the Boys or any similar topic only for you Order Now † The only definition that the South African system can conceive of in the relationship of White to Black is one that humiliates black people. This definition â€Å"insinuates itself into every social sphere of existence, until the very language of ordinary human discourse begins to reflect the policy that makes black men subservient to the power exercised by white children. † In the society depicted by Fugard White equals â€Å"Master† and Black equals â€Å"boy. It is an equation, continued Durbach, that ignores the traditional relationship of labor to man-agement or of paid employee to paying employer. During the course of the drama, Hally rapidly realigns the components of his long? standing friend-ship with Sam into the socio? political patterns of master and servant. Hally changes from intimate familiarity with his black companions to patroniz-ing condescension to his social inferiors. It is an exercise of power by Hally, himself a â€Å"boy† who feels powerless to control the circumstance of his life and therefore seeks some measure of autonomy in his interaction with Sam and Willie. Robert Brustein, in a review in the New Repub-lic, described’ ‘Master Harold† . . . and the Boys as the â€Å"quintessential racial anecdote,† and ascribed to Fugard’s writing â€Å"a sweetness and sanctity that more than compensates for what might be prosaic, rhetorical, or contrived about it. † There is a sugges-tion that Fugard’ s obsession with the theme of racial injustice may be an expression of his own guilt and act of expiation. As Brian Crow noted in the Inter-national Dictionary of Theatre, Critical Overview 24 biographical in-formation, however, is not needed in order for the play to make its full impact in the theatre. This is achieved primarily through an audience’s empathy with the loving relationship between Hally and Sam and its violation through Hally’s inability to cope with his emotional turmoil over his father, and its expression in racism. If to what extent the play manages. . . to transmute autobiographical experi-ence into a larger exploration or analysis of racism in South Africa is arguable; what seems quite cer-tain is its capacity to involve and disturb audiences everywhere. Yet not all critical reaction to Fugard’s work has been positive. Failing to see the play’s wider message on racism, Stephen Gray saw â€Å"Master Harold† as nothing more than a play about apart-heid. In a 1990 New Theatre Quarterly article, Gray noted that South Africa’s dissolution of apartheid has made the play obsolete, stating that it â€Å"feels like a museum piece today. † Other negative criticism found the play’s black characters to be falsely repres ented As Jeanne Colleran reported in Modern Drama, â€Å"To some black critics, the character of Sam is a grotesquerie. His forbearance and forgive-ness, far from being virtues, are embodiments of the worst kind of Uncle Tom? ism. † Such reproach prompted Fugard to clarify his intentions during the Anson Phelps Stokes Institute’s Africa Roundtable. As Colleran reported, Fugard stated that his inten-tion was to tell a story: â€Å"I never set out to serve a cause. . . . The question of being a spokesman for Black politics is something I’ve never claimed for myself. † Such criticism for â€Å"Master Harold† was spo-radic, however The majority of Critics and audi-ences embraced the playas important and thought? rovoking. Commenting on Fugard’s ability to fuse theatricality with strong political issues, Dennis Walder wrote in Athol Fugard, â€Å"Fugard’s work. . . contains a potential for subversion, a potential which, I would suggest, is the hallmark of great art, and which qualifies his best work to be called great. † In this essay Wiles examines Fu gard’ splay as a political drama, taking into account the dissolution of the apartheid system in South Africa and how that affects contemporary perceptions of the work. He concludes that the play is still relevant as a chroni-cle of human relations. What happens to the overall effect of a play when the societal forces that shaped it have changed to the point where the playwright himself says: , , [A] political miracle has taken place in my time. † Such might appear to be the case for Athol Fugard and his play â€Å"Master Harold†.. and the Boys The South African system of apartheid? legislated separation of the races? has been dismantled; free and open elections have been held; a black man, Nelson Mandela, has been elected president of the country. The power of whites, regardless of their age or station, to subjugate and humiliate blacks with he full blessing of the government and society at large has evaporated. The question that begs to be asked, then, is: What is this play about if not about political struggle? By focusing attention on the adolescent antago-nist Hally, Fugard creates a more personal drama-, a drama rooted in the uncertainties of a youth who attends a second? rate school and whose parents own and operate a third? rate cafe. Displaying â€Å"a few stale cakes,† â€Å"a not very impressive display of sweets,† and â€Å"a few sad ferns in pots,† the St. George’s Park Tea Room hardly seems the seat of power. And, the arrival of Hally, in clothes that are â€Å"a little neglected and untidy† and drenched from the heavy rains that keep customers away, does little to prepare the audience for the play’s explosive confrontation. When Hally enters the cafe, it appears that he is glad for the lack of patrons so that he and Sam and Willie can have a â€Å"nice, quiet afternoon. † There is the implication that both he and the two men have enjoyed these types of days in the past. Hally’s world, however, begins to crumble when Sam in-forms him that his mother has gone to the hospital to bring his father home. Hally’s annoyance at the comic books piled on the table? â€Å"intellectual rubbish†? changes into fury when Willie throws a slop rag at Sam, misses, and hits Hally. Hally swears and tells both Willie and Sam to â€Å"stop fooling around. † Hally calls Sam back to have him explain what Hally’s mother said before she left for the hospital He convinces himself that his father is not coming home, that Sam heard wrong, and that the world he has created for himself will continue undisturbed. His willingness to shift the discussions to the varieties of textbook learning and then to the more Important learning gleaned from the servants quar-ters at the old Jubilee Boarding House under the tutelage of Sam and Willie, indicate Hally’s inabili-ty to accept that his life is about to change once again. Hally returns to the comfort of the historical past, discussing Joan of Arc, World War I, Charles Darwin, Abraham Lincoln, and William Shake-speare with Sam. He also returns to his own familiar past and the flying of a homemade kite that Sam made for him. It is the kite that provides Hally with the defin-ing moment of his young life a black man and a young white boy enjoying each other’s company and a shared accomplishment. Hally says, â€Å"I don’t know how to describe it, Sam Ja! The miracle happened! † Hally appears to want to return to the safety of their shared past when he mentions to Sam that â€Å"[I]t’s time for another one, you know. † The uncertainties of adolescence challenge Hally’s place, not only in the world at large but in his family as well. Of his time spent with Sam he summarizes: â€Å"It’s just that life felt the right size in there. . . ot too big and not too small. Wasn’t so hard to work up a bit of courage. It’s got so bloody complicated since then. â€Å" Hally’s violent reaction to the news that his father is indeed returning home (the stage directions describe Hally as â€Å"seething with irritation and frustration†) clearly illustrate the complications Hally must now face. â€Å"Just when things are going along all right, without fail someone or something will come along and spoil everything. Somebody should write that down as a fundamental law of the Universe The principle of perpetual disappoint-ment† Hally’s attack on Willie’s backside WIth a ruler and the â€Å"I? llow? you? a? little? freedom? and-? what? do? you? do? with? It† speech show that Hally resists acknowledging the changes and accompany-ing complications that will inevitably take place when his father returns home. In the ensuing ballroom dancing discussion (Fugard himself was a dancing champion in his teens), Sam describes the dance finals â€Å"like being in a dream about a world in which accidents don’t happen. â €  Sam’s view of the world as dance floor contrasts sharply With Hally’s nostalgic view of life as the right size in the old Jubilee Boarding house. Hally wants things to remain static, to never change. Sam, on the other hand, wants the world â€Å"to dance like champions instead of always being a bunch of beginners at it. † There are no collisions in Sam’s view because the participants have discovered ways of moving around the dance floor without bumping into one another; symbolically, this is Sam’s hope that the world can live together peacefully without prejudice or inequality. Hally appears momentarily convinced at the end of this discussion: â€Å"We mustn’t despair. Maybe there is hope for mankind after all. † But then the phone rings and Hally’s world shatters with the news that his mother will be ringing his father home. At this point, Hally’s demeanor becomes â€Å"vicious† and â€Å"desperate,† and at the end of the conversation Hally is â€Å"desolate. † He slams books and smashes the bottle of brandy his mother had told him to get for his father. With reckless words and ugly laughter, Hally mocks his c rippled father, insinuating him into the dance metaphor as the ones who are â€Å"out there tripping up everybody and trying to get into the act. † His childhood world is now smashed beyond recognition as Hally swears at Sam and chastises him for meddling in something he knows nothing about. Hally’s adolescent posturing leads him to de-mand that Sam call him â€Å"Master Harold, like Willie [does]. † Because he cannot control the events sur-rounding his father’s homecoming, Hally lashes out at the convenient targets of Willie and Sam, people he feels he can control. The youth’s petulance manifests itself with a vengeance. Hally lets fly with a racist comment and compounds the ugliness of the offense by insisting that it is a â€Å"bloody good joke. † Hally’s final act of naked cruelty is to spit in Sam’s face. For Hally, the bond with Sam is forever broken. The demarcation between master and ser-vant is clearly defined. Although sorely tempted to repay violence with violence, Sam remains the gentle father, the true friend, the moral teacher. Having removed the symbol of servitude (the white servant’s jacket) that distinguishes him as a â€Å"boy,† Sam presents the personal rather than political response to Hally’s indignities? an extended hand and the offer to try again and â€Å"fly another kite. † But Hally has shamed himself beyond compassion and cannot respond to Sam’s final lesson. Errol Durbach wrote in Modern Drama that the final dramatic images? he rain of despair, the wind where no kites fly, the hopelessness of rela-tionships ripped apart by racist attitudes, the com-forting music that elicits compassion for children who are a victims of their own upbringing, and â€Å"the image of a world where ‘Whites Only’ leave two black men dancing together in an act of solidari-ty†? represent Fugard’s movement between hope and despair, qualified only by the realization that â€Å"‘Master Harold’ grows up to be Athol Fugard and that the play itself is an act of atonement to the memory of Sam and ‘H. D. F. [Harold David Fugard]? the Black and White fathers to whom [the play] is dedicated. â€Å" So, then, back the original question? what is the play about if not political struggle? It is a play about fathers and sons, and how those roles can be both supportive and destructive. It is a play that illustrates how relationships can be strained by factors beyond the participants. It is a play that offers suggestions and gestures for forgiveness and compassion. It is a play ultimately about race. Not black, or white, or red, or yellow, or brown, but human. How to cite Master Harold and the Boys, Essay examples Master Harold and the Boys Free Essays Master Harold and the Boys, a play written by famous playwright Althol Fugard, shares the story of a seventeen year old white boy, Hally, who spends time with two African- American servants, Sam and Willie. While the majority of the play is a conversation between the three inside a tea room, Fugard does a brilliant job of exposing the struggles that is dealt with at the time. The context of Master Harold and the Boys is deep and meaningful, especially since the play sets in South Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Harold and the Boys or any similar topic only for you Order Now He depicts how industrialized racism really is, showing that when an individual lives under a certain set of assumptions, it is really easy to catch others views of hatred, bigotry, and at the time, apartheid. Fugard shows his true artisism for publishing this play because it takes a true artist to be able to confront problems that a society deals with and to be able to make people more considerate of their actions towards others. There is a great deal of emotional value that comes with this play. When this play was written back in 1982, South Africa was still dealing with apartheid which is similar to the United States’ time of segregation. In fact, the emotional value of this play was so enormous that it was actually banned in South Africa at the time. The plot is heavy because it takes Hally’s childhood innocence and turns him towards a poisness bigotry, just like what most of the adult society did during that time. The real turning point is when Hally finds out about his father returning home from the hospital. In the beginning of the play, Sam and Willie talked about ballroom dancing. They could relate to readers of the play who also dance because they might understand the pressures of dancing and the amount of skill that goes into it. However, no matter what the pressures of dance may be, it is never acceptable for a man to hit a woman. Fugard might have showed this side of Willie because domestic relationships were very common back in the 1950s. Even though there was a rise in feminism movements, men still had most of the control and strength. While blacks were still considered to be property, women during that era did not have many rights as well. Hally, Sam, and Willie have more of a friendship during the beginning of the play, but when Hally becomes distraught with the news of his dad coming home, he violently unleashes on his servants. It becomes clear that his father’s vicarious racism was a learned behavior observed by Hally. From this point on, Hally no longer treats Willie and Sam as friends, but as subservient help. Hally demands that they must call him â€Å"Master Harold† as he spits on his servants. Using the word â€Å"master† showed that Hally had full possesion over them, and he wanted them to know it. He also used the spitting incident as a way to show control because that was typical during that time era. Spitting on someone is considered to be very degrading to that individual and is a form to show their unworthiness. I think my personal impact on the play has definitely changed. After I read the play, I understood what happened, but it was not until our class discussion where I really put the pieces of the play together. One eye opener during out discussion was when we were talking about the word â€Å"boys† in the title. I simply thought that Fugard used that word because of their gender, but I had no idea that using the word â€Å"boy† towards a black person is degrading. I really admired how Fugard attacked this problem that was facing South Africa’s society and how he exposed the realities of bigotry. I think it would be great to see this play as a production. I believe the acting of the words verses just a persons imagination could be a real eye opener to how people see and treat others. This play will continue to be relevant in American and South Africas societies because it is a reminder of our history and how our society needs to continue to grow away from racism and towards a more accepting society of all. How to cite Master Harold and the Boys, Papers Master Harold and the Boys Free Essays In the play Master Harold and the boys, the telephone is a very significant symbol. It acts as a scene changer, as well as a mood changer the most for one particular character, Hally. In this summary, I will briefly describe a few instances throughout the play where the telephone is described, and the effects it has on the characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Harold and the Boys or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the beginning, Hally, a young white man arrives at his mother and father’s restaurant where he is greeted by two black â€Å"servants. † One of the â€Å"servants†, Sam informs Hally that his mom had phoned for him about a half an hour ago. Hally’s mood immediately changed from happy/content to nervousness/worry. Hally seemed to know that when his mother called, it was for good reason. Hally began pestering Sam with questions about the phone call. He wanted to know where his mother called from, what she called for and how long ago it was that she called. Sam explained that his mother had told him that she was bringing his father home from the hospital. Hally then became even more worried and tried to accuse Sam of lying. There was no way Hally’s mother was bringing his father home from the hospital, because he was still too sick. He then tried to call his mother at home, but there was no answer. This made Hally contemplate if the news could be true. As the two servants went back to work, Hally stood alone in confusion and worry. All he could seem to do is think about what this news means, and how it will affect him. Ring†¦ring†¦ring. Sam answers the phone while Hally stops his train of thought. He is listening and holding on to every word Sam says. This telephone call acts as a scene changer and also a mood changer for Hally and the servants; they all stop what they are doing to find out what is happening. Hally relates the phone ringing to something bad happening. Sam tells Hally that it is his mother on the phone for him. In worry Hally asks if the call is local or private, almost as if he is preparing his speech to his mother. Once Hally musters up the courage to speak on the phone, Hally finds out that the news is true; Hally’s father is asking to come home. Shocked, he cannot believe what he is hearing. He becomes angry with his mother, demanding that she make him stay at the hospital. But you know that Hally doesn’t really seem to care how his dad is feeling, he just doesn’t ant him back home. Hally’s mom agreed to try to keep his father at the hospital, but she wasn’t making any promises, Hally’s father was acting too persistent with his decision. Hally’s mother told him that she would call him back. After he hung up the phone, he was in complete shock. All he could do was stare at the telephone as Sam and Willie began bombarding him with questions. Hally had told them that Sam was right and his father wanted to come home. Hally’s mood changed to anger after that phone call. He kept going back and forth across the restaurant saying what kind of a mess this was going to make for him. He even got so angry about this news, that he began ordering same and Willie around, telling them to quit fooling around and to get back to work. As the servants obeyed his command, all Hally could do is pace back and forth through the restaurant and wait for that next phone call. Then, finally†¦ring†¦ring†¦ring. Hally took a lot longer to answer the phone this time. Sam even had to remind him not to keep his mother waiting. Hally’s mom was calling from home this time. She told her son that his father was home. Infuriated, Hally scolded his mother, asking her why she didn’t stop him and why she didn’t make him stay. He went on to tell his mom that he had an exam coming up, and how could he focus on that when his father is home causing trouble. Hally’s mom tells him that his father wanted to speak with him. Hally’s tone immediately changed when he spoke with his father. He sounded happy to speak with him, asking him how he was feeling. He also told his father that he was happy that he was home. After he hung up the phone he went right back to being angry. He acted like he was so much more superior to the black servants, walking around telling them what to do. In conclusion, the telephone was a very important symbol in the play Master Harold and the boys. Every time the phone rang, it changed all of the characters mood. Although the telephone acted like more of symbol to Hally, it did affect all the characters. Each time the telephone rang, Halley’s mood grew more nervous and more angry. He related the telephone ringing to anger, worry and frustration How to cite Master Harold and the Boys, Essay examples

Australian Taxation Appropriate Tax Treatment

Question: Describe about the Australian Taxation for Appropriate Tax Treatment. Answer: 1. Hilary, a famous mountain climber is approached by The Daily Terror, a local newspaper with the proposal of writing her story for which the newspaper would pay a consideration of $ 10,000 to her which she gladly accepted. She completed the story without any external help and derived the promised consideration by transferring all rights and interests. Further, she goes on to derive additional payments of $ 5,000 and $ 2,000 from the sale of the manuscript and the expedition photos respectively. In order to determine, the appropriate tax treatment of the above payments, consideration needs to be given to the Brent vs Federal Commissioner of Taxation(1971) 125 CLR case. The relevant fact in this case was that there was a contract where the appellant was to derive payments by sharing details about her marital life which was valuable as her husband was involve in a high profile robbery. In this case, there was an issue with regards to the payment being derived from transfer of information or earned through the process of interviewing (Barkoczy, 2013). The court opined the receipts would be capital as the payment derived by the appellant was for the divulged information and its copyright while the activity of narration was a mere mechanism to bring about the transfer from seller to the buyer (Coleman, 2011). The given case needs to be viewed in the light of the above arguments. It is apparent that Hilary has professional skills pertaining to only mountain climbing and not writing or photography. Hence, the offer of $ 10,000 by a newspaper to Hilary with no writing experience make sense only when viewed in the light that the intention was to obtain private information about Hilarys life and to copyright the same. Thus, indulgence in writing of story was a mere means to communicate the details about the personal life. Thus, the $ 10,000 derived from the newspaper is actually on account of copyrighted information about her personal life and hence the proceeds would be capital and not accessed. Similarly, with regards of manuscript and photographs clicked during expedition, their commercial value is not on account of Hilarys skills with regards to performance of writing or clicking photographs but rather due to the subject which deals with a famous personality Hilary. Thus, these are assets (just like collectibles associated with Hillary and her life), and thus on sale, capital receipts would be obtained which would be non-assessable (CCH, 2013). Intent self-satisfaction and not profit If Hilary writes the story owing to derive only personal satisfaction and no commercial gains, then also there would not be any change in the tax treatment from the above case. This can be concluded as the essential asset which eventually would be sold is the information about her personal life which is a capital asset. Also, since there is no profit intention involved, hence writing would merely be a hobby which she would be indulging for her pleasure. Hence, the proceeds cannot be termed as ordinary income under either section 6-5 (as Hilary is not a professional writer) or section 15-15 (as writing has no profit intent) (Woellner, 2013). As a result, money received from sale later would be termed as capital receipts and would not be assessable. 2 As per the relevant facts mentioned in the given situation, son obtained a loan facility of $ 40,000 and repaid back the same after two years with a cheque payment of $ 44,000. The $ 4,000 extra were given to the mother as interest computed at 5% pa even though the mother made it is abundantly clear that she has no income intentions while extension of this housing loan and aims to help the son. In this case, the aspect that requires further discussion is the payment of $ 4,000 that has been forwarded to the mother at the time of the repayment of the loan amount. It is evident that the principal repayment of $ 40,000 would not attract any tax liability on account of it being a capital receipt (Sadiq et. al., 2014). With regards to the appropriate tax treatment of the interest amount, the following three options arise. Ordinary income as defined in Section 6(5) For the interest payment to be recognised under Section 6(5), it is imperative that it must be derived from usual business activity but the situation lacks any information to suggest that the mother operates a money lending business (Deutsch et. al., 2015). Ordinary income as defined in Section 15(15) In case of any casual lending or isolated lending transaction is enacted with the main motive of earning interest income and the transaction is implemented in a commercial manner, then the interest would be categorised under this section (CCH, 2013). However, the mother lends a significant amount of money to the son without indulging in any legal documentation and more importantly has no intent to earn interest income which implies that this transaction is outside the ambit of Section 15(15). Gift For a payment to be labelled as gift, there are certain conditions as per TR 2005/13 that are to be satisfied which are tested in the wake of the given facts (ATO, 2005). During the transfer of gift, ownership transfer has to accompany Satisfied as the cheque has been handed over to mother. The transfer of gift must be voluntary and not driven by obligations Satisfied as the mother never wanted to earn income from interest. The transferor must not have any expectations of any reciprocal gains from transferee Satisfied as the son in lieu of $ 4,000 has no expectations. The gift transfer needs to be driven by benevolence Satisfied as the son makes the payment due to appreciation and gratitude towards the mother. Based on the discussion above, it is apparent that $ 4,000 is gift and thus exempt from ay tax burden. Hence, the mother has no impact of the transaction on her assessable income. 3. Part a) As per the provided information, it becomes clear that the land has been purchased in 1980 but the house construction took place in 1986 only. Capital gains on any asset that is acquired on or before September 20, 1985 is exempt from any taxation and hence the no CGT would be applicable on the proceeds from the land but CGT may be applicable on the capital gains obtained from the house (Barkoczy, 2013). Thus, we need to compute the capital gains on the house, However, the first task is to estimate the current market value of the land and also the house. This can be done by considering the initial contribution of the house to the propertys value. Percentage contribution of house in the propertys value in 1986 = (60000/(60000 + 90000))*100 = 40% Hence, the value of the house in the present = 40% of 800000 = $ 320,000 For calculation of long term capital gains, there are two options available in the form of indexation method and discount method (Sadiq et. al, 2014). Indexation Method The cost base of house which comprises of only the construction cost adjusted for inflation = 60000*(68.72/43.2) = $ 95,400 Where 60,000 is the actual construction cost 68.72 and 43.2 are the respective values of CPI in 1999 and 1986 Capital gains that are taxable under CGT regime = 360000 95400 = $224,600 Discount method Long term capital gains on sale of house = 320000 60000 = $ 260,000 In accordance with the discount method, a 50% rebate is available, hence capital gains from house that are taxable under CGT regime = 0.5*260,000 = $ 130,000 To minimise the tax arising from CGT, Scott would prefer the discount method and thus the CGT applicable gains from the property are limited to $ 130,000 (Deutsch et. al., 2015). Part b) In this case, the property is sold by Scott to his daughter at a throw away price of $ 200,000.However, the taxable gains would not still change from part (a) since Section 116-30 dictates that the capital gains computation must be conducted using either selling price or existing market value which one is greater (CCH, 2013). In case of Scott, the higher figure would be the price derived at the auction and hence the taxable capital gains derived from property would be still $ 130,000. Part c) Due to change in ownership structure from individual to company, the discount method would not be applicable and the taxable capital gains computed as per the indexation method as shown in part (a) come out at $ 224,600 (Barkoczy, 2013). References ATO 2005, TR 2005/13 Australian Taxation Office, Available online from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?Docid=TXR/TR200513/NAT/ATO/00001 (Accessed on September 5, 2016) Barkoczy,S 2013, Foundation of Taxation Law 2013,5th eds., CCH Publications, North Ryde CCH 2013, Australian Master Tax Guide 2013, 51st eds., Wolters Kluwer, Sydney Coleman, C 2011, Australian Tax Analysis, 4th eds., Thomson Reuters, Sydney Deutsch, R, Freizer, M, Fullerton, I, Hanley, P, Snape, T 2015, Australian tax handbook 8th eds., Thomson Reuters, Pymont Sadiq, K, Coleman, C, Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan, S, Krever, R, Obst, W, and Ting, A 2014 ,Principles of Taxation Law 2014, 7th eds., Thomson Reuters, Pymont Woellner, R 2013, Australian taxation law 2013, 7th eds., CCH Australia, North Ryde